The Development & Application Of Titanium Alloys: From High Temperature To Innovation Of Medical Materials
Release Time：2024-06-28
The Development & Application Of Titanium Alloys: From High Temperature To Innovation Of Medical Materials
Titanium alloy, with its unique physical and chemical properties, has become an indispensable material in many fields such as aviation, aerospace, automotive, chemical industry and medical care.From the original high-temperature titanium alloy to today's medical titanium alloy, new breakthroughs have been made in the development and application of titanium alloy.1. Breakthroughs in High-Temperature Titanium Alloys
The world's first successfully developed high-temperature titanium alloy is Ti-6Al-4V, and its operating temperature can reach 300-350℃.Subsequently, with the advancement of technology, higher temperature titanium alloys have emerged one after another, such as IMI550, BT3-1 and other alloys with a temperature of 400℃, while IMI679, IMI685, Ti-6246, Ti-6242 and other alloys can work stably at high temperatures of 450~500℃. At present, new high-temperature titanium alloys that have been used in aircraft engines include IMI829 and IMI834 alloys in the United Kingdom, Ti-1100 alloys in the United States, and BT18Y and BT36 alloys in Russia.
In order to further improve the use temperature of titanium alloys, foreign countries are actively adopting new technologies such as rapid solidification/powder metallurgy technology, fiber or particle reinforced composite materials to develop titanium alloys that can work at high temperatures above 650℃. For example, the United States McDonald's Company used rapid solidification/powder metallurgy technology to successfully develop a high-purity, high-density titanium alloy that can maintain excellent strength at 760℃.
2. The Rise Of Titanium-Aluminum Compound-Based Titanium Alloys
Titanium-aluminum compound-based titanium alloys, such as Ti-3Al (α2) and Ti-Al (γ) intermetallic compounds, with their good high temperature performance, strong oxidation resistance, good creep resistance and light weight, have become competitive materials for aviation engines and aircraft structural parts in the future. At present, Ti-3Al-based titanium alloys such as Ti-21Nb-14Al and Ti-24Al-14Nb-V-0.5 Mo have begun mass production in the United States. And Ti-Al (γ)-based titanium alloys, such as TAl-(1-10)M (at.%), etc., have also received widespread attention because of their unique performance.3. The Development Of β-Titanium Alloy
Β-type titanium alloy has the characteristics of good hot and cold processing properties, easy forging, rolling, welding, etc., and is an important material in aerospace, automotive and other fields. Representative β-titanium alloys include Ti-1023, Ti-153, β21S, etc. They not only have excellent mechanical properties and environmental resistance, but also have the characteristics of high strength and high toughness.4. The Innovation Of Medical Titanium Alloy
Titanium is non-toxic, light in weight, high in strength and has excellent biocompatibility, making it an ideal metal material for medical use.At present, Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy is widely used in the medical field, but the possible harm caused by vanadium and aluminum ions that may precipitate on the human body has attracted the attention of the medical community. To this end, aluminum-free, vanadium-free, biocompatible titanium alloys are being actively developed.For example, Japan has developed a series of α+β titanium alloys and β titanium alloys with excellent biocompatibility. They are expected to replace Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloys in the future and become the mainstream materials for medical implants.
